LLA: A New High Precision Mobile Node Localization Algorithm Based on TOA

Mobile node localization is one of the challenging and crucial issues in wireless sensor networks. The paper proposed a new approach to mobile localization, called LLA (Lee Localization Algorithm), to mitigate TOA measurement errors. The algorithm was divided into three phases: (1) pre-ranging algorithm was proposed to initialize localization by employing TOA method; (2) refinement algorithm was designed to filter out bad nodes; (3) smallest circle covering algorithm was developed to deal with good nodes to complete the localization. Experimental results show that the presented approach efficiently eliminates the effects of the measurement bias and obtains a high accuracy of 2m as well as low complexity, outperforming traditional trilateration.